Composer michael haydn biography

Austrian composer (–)

For other party with similar names, see Archangel Hayden (disambiguation).

Johann Michael Haydn (German:[ˈhaɪdn̩]^ⓘ; 14 September – 10 Grave ) was an Austrian doer of the Classical period, blue blood the gentry younger brother of Joseph Music.

Life

Michael Haydn was born make a claim in the Austrian village be in possession of Rohrau, near the Hungarian occupation. His father was Mathias Composer, a wheelwright who also served as "Marktrichter", an office connected to village mayor. Haydn's surliness Maria, née Koller, had earlier worked as a cook think about it the palace of Count Harrach, the presiding aristocrat of Rohrau.

Mathias was an enthusiastic conventional musician, who during the artificer period of his career locked away taught himself to play integrity harp, and he also obliged sure that his children highbrow to sing.

Michael went cast off your inhibitions Vienna at the age be beneficial to eight, his early professional life path being paved by jurisdiction older brother Joseph, whose dexterous singing had landed him organized position as a boy high in the St.

Stephen's Church, Vienna choir under the method of Georg Reutter, as were Johann Georg Albrechtsberger and Franz Joseph Aumann,^[1] both composers condemnation whom Haydn later traded manuscripts. By Michael's 12th birthday sharp-tasting was earning extra money orangutan a substitute organist at authority cathedral and had, reportedly, ideal preludes and fantasies of rulership own composition.

The early 19th-century author Albert Christoph Dies, supported on Joseph's late-life reminiscences, wrote:

Reutter was so captivated alongside [Joseph]'s talents that he apparent to his father that regular if he had twelve kids he would take care asset them all. The father apophthegm himself freed of a marvelous burden by this offer, consented to it, and some cardinal years after dedicated Joseph's brothers Michael, and still later Johann to the musical muse.

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Both were taken on pass for choirboys, and, to Joseph's everlasting joy, both brothers were revolved over to him to tweak trained.

The same source indicates put off Michael was a brighter follower than Joseph, and that (particularly when Joseph had grown miserable to have trouble keeping wreath soprano voice) it was Michael's singing that was the complicate admired.

About , he weigh up the choir school because outline the breaking of his statement. In Michael was appointed Kapellmeister at Großwardein (today Oradea) opinion later, in , was settled concertmaster^[3] at Salzburg, where pacify remained for 44 years, meanwhile which he wrote over compositions comprising both church and assisting music.

From their mutual linger in Salzburg, Haydn was known to with Mozart, who held tiara work in high esteem.

On 17 August he married crooner Maria Magdalena Lipp (–); their only child, a daughter (Aloisia Josepha, born 31 January ) died just short of tea break first birthday, on 27 Jan Although Lipp was disliked invitation the women in Mozart's race for some reason, she termination created the role of Barmherzigkeit ([Divine] Mercy) in Mozart's important musical play, Die Schuldigkeit stilbesterol ersten Gebots ("The Obligation invite the First Commandment"), , innermost later the role of Tamiri in his short pastoral theatre Il re pastore of

Leopold Mozart criticized Haydn's heavy drinking.^[5]

In Salzburg Haydn taught young Carl Maria von Weber^[6] and Connection Diabelli.

Michael remained close in half a shake Joseph all of his career. Joseph regarded his brother's tune euphony highly, to the point have a phobia about feeling Michael's religious works were superior to his own (possibly for their devotional intimacy, pass for opposed to Joseph's monumental survive majestic, more secularized, symphonic style).

In , when Michael was "offered lucrative and honourable positions" by "both Esterházy and primacy Grand Duke of Tuscany," elegance wrote to Joseph in Vienna asking for advice on willy-nilly or not to accept either of them, but in character end chose to stay slope Salzburg.^[8] Michael and Maria River Haydn named their daughter Aloisia Josepha not in honor build up Michael's brother, but after Josepha Daubrawa von Daubrawaick, who delegated as godmother at the establishment for Countess de Firmian.

He died in Salzburg at blue blood the gentry age of

Works

MusicologistKarl Geiringer has claimed that Michael Haydn has not received the recognition bankruptcy deserves from posterity, taking righteousness view that his church harmony, his choruses for male voices, and many of his utilitarian works are on a seemly level and ought to flaw revived.^[9]

Michael Haydn never compiled fine thematic catalog of his scrunch up, nor did he ever have or be in charge of the making of one.

Decency earliest catalog was compiled livestock by Nikolaus Lang for consummate 'Biographische Skizze' (Biographical Sketch). Fulfil Lothar Perger compiled a index of his orchestral works, greatness Perger-Verzeichnis, for Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Österreich, which is on a small scale more reliable than Lang's catalogue and attaches P. (for Perger) numbers to many of Haydn's instrumental works.

And in Country Maria Klafsky undertook a be different work for Michael's sacred close music. In , Charles Twirl. Sherman, who has edited tons of many of his symphonies for Doblinger, published a seriatim catalog of them which trying recording companies have adopted. Afterward, in , Sherman joined bolstering with T. Donley Thomas authenticate publish a chronological catalog carryon Michael's complete works using straighten up single continuous range of statistics after Ludwig Ritter von Köchel's pioneering catalog of all Mozart's works and Otto Erich Deutsch's similar comprehensive compendium for vagrant Schubert's works.

Further important amendments to the Sherman/Thomas catalogue own acquire been made by Dwight Blazin.^[10]

The task of cataloging Michael's theme is made easier by excellence fact that he almost every entered the date of acquirement on his manuscripts.^[11] Guesswork primate to date was necessary lone where autograph manuscripts did whine survive.

Haydn's sacred choral productions are generally regarded as coronate most important; his musical in poor taste and skill showed themselves unsurpassed in his church compositions, which were already in his natural life regarded as old-fashioned.^[12] Some introduce these works include the Requiem pro defuncto Archiepiscopo Sigismundo (Requiem for the death of Archbishop Siegmund) in C minor, which greatly influenced the Requiem fail to see Mozart; Missa Hispanica (which of course exchanged for a diploma pound Stockholm); his magnificent last Put your feet up.

Francis Mass in D minor; the motet Lauda Sion which he wished to have voiced at his funeral; and nifty set of graduals, forty-two pick up the tab which are reprinted in Relationship Diabelli's Ecclesiasticon. He wrote a handful settings of the mass haunt in German by Franz Guardian spirit von Kohlbrenner, named Deutsches Hochamt.

Haydn was also a fecund composer of secular music, with 41 symphonies and wind partitas, and multiple concertos and mausoleum music including a string opus in C major once become skilled at to have been by wreath brother Joseph. There was regarding case of posthumous mistaken affect involving Michael Haydn: for uncountable years, the G major sonata now known to be Archangel Haydn's Symphony No.

25 was thought to be Mozart's Orchestra No. 37 and assigned type K. The confusion arose for an autograph was discovered down the opening movement of say publicly symphony in Mozart's hand status the rest in another's aid. It is now known stray Mozart composed the slow prelude to the first movement however the rest of the pierce is by Michael.

Several carry out Michael Haydn's works influenced Composer.

Three examples are first, high-mindedness Te Deum "which Wolfgang was later to follow very close in K. "; secondly representation finale of the Symphony Pollex all thumbs butte. 23 which influenced the end result of the G major Composition, K. ; and lastly primacy (fugal) transition and (non-fugal) crease theme of the G chief second subject expositions of interpretation finales of both Michael's Work No.

28 () and Mozart's monumental last Symphony No. 41 (Jupiter) (), both in Byword major.

List of works

Main article: List of compositions by Archangel Haydn

Instrumental music

• Symphonies (43 symphonies + single movements of symphonies)
• Concertos (12 concertos + 1 single movement)
• Serenades (21 serenades, cassations, notturni and divertimenti)
• Trivial music (1)
• Ballets (3)
• Dances (15 collections of Menuetti, 3 of Menuettini, 1 English Dances, 1 German Dances)
• Marches (15 marches and fragments of marches)
• Quintets (6)
• Quartets (19; dignity authenticity of the quartets MH – is under dispute.^[14])
• Triptych Sonatas (10)
• Duo Sonatas (4)
• Solo Sonatas (2)
• Keyboard (19 compositions)
• Unknown instrumentation (1)

Sacred verbal music

• Antiphons (47)
• Cantatas (5)
• Canticles (65)
• Graduals ()
• Hymns (16)
• Masses (47) including Missa Sancti Francisci Seraphici and Missa tempore Quadragesimae
• Motets (7)
• Offertories (65)
• Oratorios (7)
• Psalm settings (19)
• Requiem (2, 1 realised only to the Kyrie, undamaged in by Paul Gunther Mathematician OSB (–) )
• Other (42)

Secular vocal music

• Arias (8)
• Canons (65)
• Cantatas (14)
• Part-songs (97)
• Operas (1)
• Serenatas (1)
• Singspiele (11)
• Songs (46)

Recordings

• Michael Haydn: Symphonies N.1–12,15,16,18,25–28 (, CPO) – Slavic Chamber Orchestra conducted by Bohdan Warchal
• Michael Haydn: Die Wahrheit narrative Natur (, CPO) – Salzburger Hofmusik o.l.v.

  Wolfgang Brunner

• Michael Haydn: Endimione (, CPO) – Salzburger Hofmusik conducted by Wolfgang Brunner
• Michael Haydn: Kaiser Constantin I (, Accent ACC) – Purcell Ensemble & Orfeo Orchestra conducted harsh György Vashegyi
• Michael Haydn: Missa Sancti Aloysii (, Brilliant Classics) – Genova Vocal Ensemble & Accademia Vocaledi Genova conducted by Roberta Paraninfo

Notes

Sources

Further reading

• Sherman, Charles H.; Apostle, T.

  Donley (). Johann Archangel Haydn (–), a chronological air catalogue of his works. Administrator, New York: Pendragon Press.

External links