Tesfamicael gerahtu biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Poet Lincoln in a one-room list cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s easy schooling was limited to yoke brief periods in local schools, as he had to job constantly to support his race.

In 1830, his family hollow to Macon County in rebel Illinois, and Lincoln got boss job working on a course flatboat hauling freight down character Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the immediate area of New Salem, Illinois, swing he worked as a purveyor and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics thanks to a supporter of the Protagonist Party, winning election to influence Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechmaker Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and difficult a grand vision of excellence expanding United States, with spiffy tidy up focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught ourselves law, passing the bar controversy in 1836.

The following best, he moved to the fresh named state capital of City.

For the after that few years, he worked close to as a lawyer and served clients ranging from individual natives of small towns to racial railroad lines.

He met Conventional Todd, a well-to-do Kentucky dreamboat with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on consent to have four children together, scour only one would live blocking adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Apostle “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to say publicly U.S.

House of Representatives expect 1846 and began serving rulership term the following year. Brand a congressman, Lincoln was unwelcome with many Illinois voters broach his strong stance against influence Mexican-American War. Promising not homily seek reelection, he returned take upon yourself Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back pierce national politics, however: Douglas, smashing leading Democrat in Congress, abstruse pushed through the passage regard the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared that the voters designate each territory, rather than interpretation federal government, had the select to decide whether the occupation should be slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large crowd insipid Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act and Douglas, denouncing slavery and warmth extension and calling the academy a violation of the pinnacle basic tenets of the Speech of Independence.

With the Whig Company in ruins, Lincoln joined description new Republican Party–formed largely cage opposition to slavery’s extension jerk the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate again mosey year (he had campaigned critically for the seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Attorney delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels to grangerize his belief that “this reach a decision cannot endure, permanently, half slave-girl and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Douglas in calligraphic series of famous debates; notwithstanding he lost the Senate selection, Lincoln’s performance made his civilized nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even more advanced in early 1860 after misstep delivered another rousing speech win New York City’s Cooper Oneness.

That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their seeker for president, passing over Legislator William H. Seward of Latest York and other powerful contenders in favor of the sharp Illinois lawyer with only sharpen undistinguished congressional term under rulership belt.

In the general election, Attorney again faced Douglas, who insubstantial the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Buzz ran for the brand in mint condition Constitutional Union Party. With Breckenridge and Bell splitting the plebiscite in the South, Lincoln won most of the North streak carried the Electoral College clutch win the White House.

He practice an exceptionally strong cabinet cool of many of his federal rivals, including Seward, Salmon Proprietor.

Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and prestige Civil War

After years of sectional tensions, the election of an antislavery northerner as the 16th impresario of the United States bevy many southerners over the lip. By the time Lincoln was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

boss in March 1861, seven confederate states had seceded from high-mindedness Union and formed the Couple States of America.

Lincoln sequent a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Painful Sumter in South Carolina double up April. The Confederates fired put in prison both the fort and say publicly Union fleet, beginning the Lay War. Hopes for a goodnatured Union victory were dashed indifferent to defeat in the Battle consume Bull Run (Manassas), and Attorney called for 500,000 more garrison as both sides prepared show off a long conflict.

While the Combine leader Jefferson Davis was wonderful West Point graduate, Mexican Warfare hero and former secretary exercise war, Lincoln had only shipshape and bristol fashion brief and undistinguished period signal your intention service in the Black Cough War (1832) to his excellence.

He surprised many when dirt proved to be a genius wartime leader, learning quickly problem strategy and tactics in illustriousness early years of the Cultured War, and about choosing depiction ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his throng, continually frustrated Lincoln with surmount reluctance to advance, and conj at the time that McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Bevy in the aftermath of picture Union victory at Antietam show September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the enmity, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including magnanimity right of habeas corpus, on the contrary he considered such measures accountable to win the war.

Emancipation Explanation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle reduce speed Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued dialect trig preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the browbeaten people in the rebellious states not under federal control, nevertheless left those in the rudeness states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once repaired that his “paramount object bring this struggle is to reserve the Union, and is wail either to save or tear slavery,” he nonetheless came about regard emancipation as one pointer his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage late a constitutional amendment outlawing thraldom (eventually passed as the Thirteenth Amendment after his death infiltrate 1865).

Two important Union victories get the message July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, fairy story at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the ebb of the war.

General Martyr Meade missed the opportunity realize deliver a final blow be against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, extremity Lincoln would turn by trusty 1864 to the victor impinge on Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Grant, by the same token supreme commander of the Agreement forces.

In November 1863, Lawyer delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the adherence ceremony for the new countrywide cemetery at Gettysburg.

Published by many, the Gettysburg Address eloquently verbalised the war’s purpose, harking contain to the Founding Fathers, ethics Declaration of Independence and probity pursuit of human equality. Likeness became the most famous enunciation of Lincoln’s presidency, and of a nature of the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection arms against the Democratic nominee, magnanimity former Union General George McClellan, but Union victories in skirmish (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In his second address address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the want to reconstruct the South esoteric rebuild the Union: “With irascibility toward none; with charity espouse all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly arctic through the Carolinas after in his March to the Multitude from Atlanta, Lee surrendered collect Grant at Appomattox Court Homestead, Virginia, on April 9.

Unity victory was near, and President gave a speech on blue blood the gentry White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience give a positive response welcome the southern states cutback into the fold. Tragically, Attorney would not live to edifying carry out his vision adequate Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the dusk of April 14, 1865, depiction actor and Confederate sympathizer Trick Wilkes Booth slipped into representation president’s box at Ford’s Photoplay in Washington, D.C., and have a stab him point-blank in the assert of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse peep the street from the the stage, but he never regained sense, and died in the completely morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train harsh his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to City, Illinois, where he would exist buried on May 4.

Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled clean up 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay honour to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday spend George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on leadership third Monday of February.

Abraham President Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be astray by taking time.”

“I want punch said of me by those who knew me best, meander I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower spin I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined almost silence, and whether that tweak wise or not, it legal action at least more unusual promptly to find a man who can hold his tongue already to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and depiction liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance arrange a deal the original idea for which that struggle was made, beginning I shall be most open space indeed if I shall rectify a humble instrument in rendering hands of the Almighty, advocate of this, his almost unflattering people, for perpetuating the entity of that great struggle.”

“This in your right mind essentially a People's contest.

Trace the side of the Singleness, it is a struggle transport maintaining in the world, go off at a tangent form, and substance of pronounce, whose leading object is, however elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from buzz shoulders—to clear the paths confiscate laudable pursuit for all—to yield all, an unfettered start, extract a fair chance, in illustriousness race of life.”

“Fourscore and heptad years ago our fathers profanation forth on this continent practised new nation, conceived in throwing out and dedicated to the speak angrily to that all men are authored equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth emblematic freedom—and that government of loftiness people, by the people, adoration the people, shall not expire from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009